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Introduction to Steel Structures

Steel structures are building structures primarily made of steel, constructed through methods such as welding and bolting. They are widely used in industrial plants, high-rise buildings, bridges, towers, and more. The steel used typically includes sections, plates, and pipes, which offer high strength, good plasticity, and toughness.

Characteristics of Steel Structures

1. High Strength: Steel has high strength and strong load-bearing capacity, making it suitable for large-span and high-rise buildings.

2. Lightweight: Compared to concrete, steel has a higher density but even greater strength, resulting in lighter structures and reduced foundation loads.

3. Good Plasticity: Steel exhibits excellent plasticity, allowing it to withstand significant deformation and offering superior seismic performance.

4. Good Toughness: Steel maintains good toughness even at low temperatures, making it suitable for cold environments.

5. Fast Construction: Components can be prefabricated in factories and assembled on-site, shortening construction timelines.

6. Eco-Friendly: Steel is recyclable, reducing construction waste and aligning with environmental sustainability.

7. Good Sealing Properties: Welded steel structures provide excellent air and water tightness, making them ideal for containers and pipelines.

8. Poor Corrosion Resistance: Steel is prone to rust and requires anti-corrosion measures.

9. Poor Fire Resistance: Steel loses strength at high temperatures, necessitating fireproofing treatments.

Summary

Steel structures offer advantages such as high strength, lightweight, and fast construction. However, they also have drawbacks like poor corrosion and fire resistance, which require appropriate mitigation measures.